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| Chronology: III A period (1/5) | |
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At the beginning of the III millenium B.C., a great wave of ideologic and religious
influences put together some of the principal rock art areas of the Alps, linked
by cultural and conception elements with an Indo-European origin, that were present
in the monumental compositions and in the “stele-statues”. These have symbols of the
Indo-European tradition: all elements that bring us back to the epic world and to
cosmological conceptions of very old levels of the Indo-European cultures. Besides
the wave that brought these new symbolic and religious elements in the Camonica Valley,
introduced also two factors of primary importance: copper manufacture, with the
first metal instruments, and the wheel-cart, so documented, in this period, on
“stele-statues” of the valley. These events (technologic and ideologic-religious) brought deep changes inside the local communities: the same structure of the late-Neolithic Age changed. New roles were introduced and the human groups came to a more marked social stratification. Dating: 3.300-2.500 B.C. Corresponding archaeological period: Calcolithic. Material culture: different fhases of calcolithic; in the evolutive fhases, Remedello’s Culture. Character of the style and principal represented themes: monumental composition with astral symbols and ground, disposed in accordance with prearranged order. Weapons and tools: dagger, axe, halberd; cart and plough. Pets: dog, ox, goat, pig. Important technological and cultural innovation: introduction of the manufacture of metals, use of the wheel and the cart. Essential economic activities: : agriculture and hunting are integrated by production of metals; organised trade and professional artist. Social stucture: tribe with authoritarian government and classes differentiation. Believes and religion: panteism, cosmologic religion, abstract concept of divinity; first introduction of the Indo-European concepts. |
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